Viewing archive of Thursday, 25 December 2025

Daily bulletin on solar and geomagnetic activity from the SIDC

Issued: 2025 Dec 25 1300 UTC

SIDC Forecast

Solar flares

C-class flares expected, (probability >=50%)

Geomagnetism

Minor storm expected (A>=30 or K=5)

Solar protons

Quiet

	10cm flux	Ap
25 Dec 2025	134	022
26 Dec 2025	133	037
27 Dec 2025	133	018

Solar Active Regions and flaring

Solar flaring activity was low over the past 24 hours, with only C-class flares identified. The largest flare was a C2.8 flare peaking on December 24 at 20:13 UTC, which was produced by SIDC Sunspot Group 735 (NOAA Active Region 4317). During the flare, the source region (SIDC Sunspot Group 735) of the flare had beta-gamma configuration of its photospheric magnetic field. A total of 9 numbered sunspot groups were identified on the disk over the past 24 hours. SIDC Sunspot Group 740 (NOAA Active Region 4321) is the most complex region with its Beta-Gamma- Delta magnetic configuration. Solar flaring activity is expected to be low over the next 24 hours, with C-class flares very likely and a chance for M-class flares.

Coronal mass ejections

No Earth-directed coronal mass ejections (CME) were detected in the available coronagraph observations during last 24 hours.

Solar wind

Earth is still inside a fast solar wind stream, with the continuous arrival of high speed streams (HSSs) from the elongated, posiitve polarity, recurrent coronal hole (SIDC Coronal Hole 128) which started to cross the central meridian on Dec 20. The solar wind speed ranged from 555 km/s to 775 km/s. The interplanetary magnetic field ranged between 0 nT and 7 nT, and the North-South component (Bz) ranged betweeen -6 nT and 3 nT. In the next 24 hours, enhanced solar wind conditions may continue possibly with the further arrival of HSSs from the same coronal hole, and also possibly with a glancing blow associated with a coronal mass ejection(CME) that was observed lifting from the Sun on Dec 22.

Geomagnetism

Geomagnetic conditions were globally at quiet to active conditions (NOAA Kp 2 to 4), and locally over Belgium at quiet to unsetlled conditions (K BEL 2 to 3) during the past 24 hours. In the next 24 hours, we expect unsettled to minor storm conditions (K 3 to 5) possibly with the further arrival of HSSs from the recurrent coronal hole (SIDC Coronal Hole 128) which started to cross the central meridian on Dec 20, and also possibly with a glancing blow associated with a coronal mass ejection (CME) that was observed lifting from the Sun on Dec 22.

Proton flux levels

The greater than 10 MeV GOES proton flux was below the threshold level over the past 24 hours and it is expected to remain so for the next 24 hours.

Electron fluxes at geostationary orbit

The greater than 2 MeV electron flux, as measured by GOES-18 and GOES-19 satellites, was above the 1000 pfu threshold for most of the time during the past 24 hours. It was in response to the high speed streams (HSS) from the southern, positive polarity, recurrent coronal hole (SIDC Coronal Hole 128) which started to cross the central meridian from Dec 20. The electron flux is expected to remain above this alert level during most of the next period. The electron fluence was at moderate levels and is expected to remain so.

Today's estimated international sunspot number (ISN): 122, based on 10 stations.

Solar indices for 24 Dec 2025

Wolf number Catania	118
10cm solar flux	134
AK Chambon La Forêt	026
AK Wingst	022
Estimated Ap	024
Estimated international sunspot number	123 - Based on 18 stations

Noticeable events summary

Provided by the Solar Influences Data analysis Center© - SIDC - Processed by SpaceWeatherLive

All times in UTC

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